Article 5 combines aspects of Art. 3 bis and Mechanism 2 from Art. 3 ter in the ADP2-11 draft, but in a somewhat contradictory way. Specifically, the Proposed Mechanism 2 previously stated that it should function as an alternative approach to results-based payments. However, the current text encourages incentivizing all activities relating to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, including results-based payments. So the text no longer offers any language avoiding results-based payments, and instead offers them as one of several viable options. The incentive language contained in this article originally came from the ADP2-11draft references to REDD+. Building on that idea, it reinforces the importance of sustainable forest management and forest carbon stock enhancement in developing countries. Also from the REDD+ language originally contained in Art. 3 bis, this paragraph mentions the importance of enhancing non-carbon benefits associated with healthy forest management. From the Proposed Mechanism 2, this paragraph specifically addresses joint mitigation and adaptation approaches as well as alternative policy approaches. However it ignores the original goal of avoiding results-based payments. Importantly, the current text does not include any mention of Proposed Mechanism 1, which proposed a sustainable development mechanism that would include participation in mitigation activities by both public and private entities. It also contained specific language regarding absolute targets for mitigation activities and the importance of environmental integrity in cooperative mitigation actions. Proposed Mechanism 1 also contained important language protecting developing countries and those climate-vulnerable Parties that would need increased funding to meet the costs of adaptation. It required proceeds from certified projects go to assisting these developing country Parties. Proposed Mechanism 1 offered a more holistic approach to mitigation by including both public and private interests, as well as taking into account the specific needs of developing country Parties. Currently, the text offers a variety of non-binding approaches to implement mitigation targets, but ignores some of the specified interests.